{"id":20801,"date":"2023-03-14T16:14:24","date_gmt":"2023-03-14T08:14:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/?p=20801"},"modified":"2023-08-16T16:14:55","modified_gmt":"2023-08-16T08:14:55","slug":"%e5%bc%80%e5%88%9b%e9%a9%ac%e6%9d%a5%e8%a5%bf%e4%ba%9a%e6%96%b0%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e7%a7%a9%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/2023\/03\/14\/%e5%bc%80%e5%88%9b%e9%a9%ac%e6%9d%a5%e8%a5%bf%e4%ba%9a%e6%96%b0%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e7%a7%a9%e5%ba%8f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5f00\u521b\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c15\u5c4a\u5927\u9009\u540e\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u60ac\u5cd9\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u7531\u5e0c\u671b\u8054\u76df\u3001\u56fd\u9635\u4fc3\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u6c99\u5df4\u548c\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u653f\u515a\u652f\u6301\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d77\u6b65\u65f6\u8dcc\u8dcc\u649e\u649e\uff0c\u7531\u9996\u76f8\u5b89\u534e\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u5c31\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u957f\u6cbb\u4e45\u5b89\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u5199\u9053\u201c\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5c40\u52bf\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u53ef\u8c13\u6ce2\u8c32\u4e91\u8be1\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u65e7\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u96be\u4ee5\u6539\u5f26\u66f4\u5f20\uff0c\u6b63\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u4ea1\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7406\u5e94\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u4ecd\u672a\u660e\u6717\uff0c\u66f4\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u77db\u76fe\u4e0e\u51b2\u7a81\u2026\u2026\u65b0\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u9700\u5728\u56fd\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6b63\u4e49\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0a\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u70b9\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u66fe\u89e3\u91ca\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6709\u56db\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u3001\u56db\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u3001\u72ec\u7acb\u5951\u7ea6\u65f6\u671f\uff081957-1969\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u72ec\u7acb\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u548c\u5b98\u50da\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7cbe\u82f1\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u91c7\u53d6\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08laissez-faire\uff09\u548c\u65cf\u7fa4\u9636\u5c42\u534f\u5546\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08consociationalism\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5230\u4e861960\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6218\u540e\u5a74\u513f\u6f6e\u6210\u957f\u6210\u4eba\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u65e0\u6cd5\u521b\u9020\u9752\u5e74\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8054\u76df\u57281969\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u88ab\u553e\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e8c\u3001\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u65f6\u671f\uff081969-1990\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u8ba9\u9a6c\u6765\u5c0f\u5e02\u6c11\u62e5\u6709\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5411\u4e0a\u6d41\u52a8\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3e\u5374\u540c\u65f6\u8ba9\u975e\u9a6c\u6765\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u611f\u5230\u6781\u5ea6\u5931\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09\u30012020\u5b8f\u613f-\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u56fd\u65cf\u65f6\u671f\uff081991-2005\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fce\u6765\u7e41\u8363\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u5374\u56e0\u4e3a1997\u5e74\u4e9a\u6d32\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u9677\u5165\u8870\u9000\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u6267\u653f\u515a\u56fd\u9635\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4ee5\u591a\u5143\u65cf\u7fa4\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8f74\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u56e0\u70c8\u706b\u83ab\u7184\u8fd0\u52a8\u52bf\u529b\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5deb\u7edf\u4f9d\u7136\u6210\u529f\u5360\u636e\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56db\u3001\u201c\u5931\u843d\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u201d\uff082005-2021\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5931\u843d\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u505c\u6ede\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u65e0\u76ee\u6807\u6f02\u79fb\u4e3a\u8868\u5f81\uff0c\u4e5f\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e86\u5deb\u7edf\u7684\u53f3\u503e\u548c\u56fd\u9635\u7684\u840e\u7f29\u3002\u53cd\u5bf9\u515a\u4ece\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u51c0\u9009\u76df\u5927\u96c6\u4f1a\u548c2018\u5e74\u5e0c\u671b\u8054\u76df\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u80dc\u5229\u30022020\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u559c\u6765\u767b\u653f\u53d8\u5374\u5c06\u4e4b\u4ed8\u8bf8\u6d41\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u5df2\u9884\u6d4b\u539f\u6709\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u5c06\u968f\u7740\u7b2c15\u5c4a\u5927\u9009\u800c\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u9884\u6599\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u91cd\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u56fd\u9635\u652f\u6301\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u5e45\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5927\uff0c\u8ba9\u5176\u6bd4\u5e0c\u76df\u548c\u6155\u5c24\u4e01\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u76df\u8d62\u5f97\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u548c\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff0c\u9000\u5c45\u7b2c\u4e09\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8054\u76df\u8d62\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u591a\u6570\u5e2d\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u654c\u5bf9\u7684\u5e0c\u76df\u3001\u56fd\u9635\u3001\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u653f\u515a\u8054\u76df\u3001\u6c99\u5df4\u4eba\u6c11\u8054\u76df\u548c\u6c11\u5174\u515a\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7b2c15\u5c4a\u5927\u9009\u540e\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u6210\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u7adf\u4ee5\u4e09\u5206\u4e8c\u591a\u6570\u6267\u653f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea2008\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u5386\u5c4a\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u672a\u66fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\uff0c\u662f\u5b89\u534e\u6210\u4e3a\u9769\u65b0\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u9886\u8896\u7684\u673a\u9047\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u57282023\u5e74\u8fce\u6765\u7684\u6311\u6218\u5305\u62ec\u5deb\u7edf\u515a\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5deb\u7d71\u4e3b\u5e2d\u963f\u672b\u624e\u5e0c\u8d2a\u6c61\u6848\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u53ca\u515a\u9009\u6210\u7ee9\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u69df\u57ce\u3001\u5409\u6253\u3001\u96ea\u5170\u83aa\u3001\u68ee\u7f8e\u5170\u3001\u5409\u5170\u4e39\u548c\u767b\u5609\u697c\u516d\u5dde\u7684\u5dde\u9009\u7ed3\u679c\u4e5f\u5c06\u5b9a\u593a\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u547d\u8fd0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e94\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u57ae\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u96be\u5f97\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u501f\u9274\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u6267\u653f\u8054\u76df\u8981\u60f3\u957f\u4e45\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u83b7\u5f97\u8de8\u65cf\u7fa4\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u8de8\u8d8a\u5357\u4e2d\u56fd\u6d77\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u6c99\u5df4\u3001\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u7684\u6c11\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56fd\u9635\u57282020\u5b8f\u613f-\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u56fd\u65cf\u65f6\u671f\uff081991-2005\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d62\u5f97\u5404\u65cf\u7fa4\u8fd8\u6709\u6c99\u5df4\u3001\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u57281995\u5e74\u548c2004\u5e74\u7684\u5927\u9009\u5206\u522b\u4ee565%\u548c64%\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u7387\u80dc\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8981\u900f\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u4f18\u52bf\u5f97\u5230\u8de8\u65cf\u7fa4\u3001\u8de8\u533a\u57df\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u66f4\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5f3a\u5316\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u60ac\u5cd9\u8bae\u4f1a\u800c\u8bde\u751f\u3002\u4ec5\u5386\u65f633\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u4efb\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5373\u56fd\u76df\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u7531\u4f9d\u65af\u8fc8\u6c99\u6bd4\u91cc\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u56fd\u9635-\u56fd\u76df\u201c\u5927\u9a6c\u4e00\u5bb6\u201d\u653f\u5e9c\u4f1a\u5982\u6b64\u201c\u77ed\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u638c\u63e1\u76f8\u4f4d\u7684\u653f\u515a\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u4e0b\u653e\u6743\u529b\u4e88\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u515a\uff0c\u800c\u653f\u5e9c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u653f\u515a\u5deb\u7edf\u548c\u571f\u56e2\u515a\u3001\u4f0a\u515a\u76f8\u4e92\u7ade\u9010\u540c\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u9009\u6c11\u7684\u9009\u7968\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8054\u5408\u6267\u653f\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u6bd4\u524d\u4e24\u4efb\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u8054\u5408\u53c2\u9009\u3002\u82e5\u5404\u4e2a\u8054\u76df\u51c6\u5907\u5728\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f31\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u80dc\u51fa\u7684\u5e2d\u4f4d\u4f5c\u51fa\u9000\u8ba9\uff0c\u5e0c\u76df\u548c\u56fd\u9635\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u534a\u5c9b\u4ee5\u4e92\u8865\u4e92\u5229\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u9002\u5408\u7684\u8054\u5408\u53c2\u9009\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8054\u5408\u53c2\u9009\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u540c\u6807\u5fd7\u6216\u4ee5\u5355\u4e00\u8054\u76df\u53c2\u9009\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u5458\u515a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8981\u80fd\u8054\u5408\u5efa\u56fd\u3002\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9886\u8896\u9700\u8981\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u957f\u4e45\u4e4b\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e26\u9886\u6c11\u4f17\u5efa\u7acb\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u4e3a\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u4eba\u521b\u9020\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u4ece\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u3001\u4f4e\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u4f4e\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u793e\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u8054\u5408\u6267\u653f\u3001\u8054\u5408\u53c2\u9009\u548c\u8054\u5408\u5efa\u56fd\u7684\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u5c06\u8bb0\u8f7d2023\u5e74\u4e3a\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u548c\u65b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7b2c15\u5c4a\u5927\u9009\u540e\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u60ac\u5cd9\u56fd\u4f1a\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u7531\u5e0c\u671b\u8054\u76df\u3001\u56fd\u9635\u4fc3\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u6c99\u5df4\u548c\u7802\u62c9\u8d8a\u653f\u515a\u652f\u6301\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u653f\u5e9c\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":20802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[125,73],"tags":[195,193,197],"class_list":["post-20801","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-125","category-73","tag-195","tag-193","tag-197"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20801","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20801"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20801\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20805,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20801\/revisions\/20805"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20802"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20801"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20801"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/liewchintong.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20801"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}